--- title: "How to expose Postgres performance issues" publication: "Postgres Weekly" issue: 493 published_at: "2023-02-15" canonical_url: "https://postgresweekly.com/issues/493" --- Plus the future of I/O observability in Postgres. | #​493 — February 15, 2023 [Web Version](https://postgresweekly.com/issues/493) Together with [![Percona logo\](https://res.cloudinary.com/cpress/image/upload/c_fill,g_auto,e_trim,w_600,h_120/e_make_transparent/co_white,e_outline:7/iplxngwgax1ktho5k45h.png)](https://www.percona.com/ha-for-postgresql?utm_campaign=22q2-cm-campaign-pg-high-availability&utm_source=postgres-weekly&utm_medium=primary-newsletter&utm_content=download-architecture) Postgres Weekly [![\](https://res.cloudinary.com/cpress/image/upload/w_1280,e_sharpen:60,q_auto/chrf2e7pv4jro5ke7sue.jpg)](https://pganalyze.com/blog/pg-stat-io) [Waiting for Postgres 16: Cumulative I/O Statistics with `pg_stat_io`](https://pganalyze.com/blog/pg-stat-io) — A look at querying system-wide I/O statistics in future versions of Postgres using the new [pg_stat_io](https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commit;h=a9c70b46dbe152e094f137f7e6ba9cd3a638ee25) view, several use cases for it, and thoughts on the future of I/O observability in Postgres generally. Lukas Fittl [Exposing Postgres Performance Secrets](https://www.crunchydata.com/blog/exposing-postgres-performance-secrets) — Long standing Postgres expert Craig lays out four basic things to set up today to make finding and fixing performance issues faster in the future. Craig Kerstiens [![\](https://copm.s3.amazonaws.com/284a7637.png)](https://www.percona.com/ha-for-postgresql?utm_campaign=22q2-cm-campaign-pg-high-availability&utm_source=postgres-weekly&utm_medium=primary-newsletter&utm_content=download-architecture) [Download PostgreSQL High Availability Architectures](https://www.percona.com/ha-for-postgresql?utm_campaign=22q2-cm-campaign-pg-high-availability&utm_source=postgres-weekly&utm_medium=primary-newsletter&utm_content=download-architecture) — Yours for free. Percona architectures are built with only battle-tested open source components and designed to ensure up to 99.9% availability. Architectures are available for businesses of every size. Percona sponsor [Storing OpenAI Embeddings in Postgres with pgvector](https://supabase.com/blog/openai-embeddings-postgres-vector) — An example of how to build a machine learning-powered search engine using OpenAI’s embeddings and Postgres. The idea is you compress sentences (in this case) down into vectors, store those vectors, then query against them – something that [pgvector](https://github.com/pgvector/pgvector) can help you with. Greg Richardson (Supabase) [Working with Rankings with SQL Window Functions](https://antonz.org/sql-window-functions-ranking/) — A handy, easy to follow tutorial on making ratings and dividing data into partitions extracted from Anton’s _SQL Window Functions Explained_ book. Anton Zhiyanov **IN BRIEF:** - [Postgres 15.2, 14.7, 13.10, 12.14, and 11.19](https://www.postgresql.org/about/news/postgresql-152-147-1310-1214-and-1119-released-2592/) have all been released to fix a security vulnerability and a variety of bugs. - We linked to Citus 11.2 last week, but the [actual release post](https://www.citusdata.com/blog/2023/02/08/whats-new-in-citus-11-2-patroni-ha-support/) dropped after we sent the newsletter :-) The big update for the horizontal database scaling system was its support within [Patroni 3.0](https://patroni.readthedocs.io/en/latest/), but there were [other updates too](https://www.citusdata.com/updates/v11-2/) like `MERGE` support, enhanced `OUTER JOIN` support and identity column support. - Did you know it's possible to [install Postgres on an Android device?](https://proopensource.it/blog/postgresql-on-android) [Finding the Current Timestamp](https://www.cybertec-postgresql.com/en/postgresql-finding-the-current-timestamp/) — You think it’d be easy to establish what the time is, but there are a few options. Learn more about real time, statement time and transaction time. Hans-Jürgen Schönig ▶[Caching Postgres on the Edge with PolyScale.ai](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F505n0d9iuA) — A quick introduction to [Polyscale](https://www.polyscale.ai/), a serverless plug and play database cache. Sam Aybar and Supabase [Debugging WAL Events with pg_walinspect](https://www.ongres.com/blog/debugging-postgres-wal-events-with-pg_walinspect/) — [pg_walinspect](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/15/pgwalinspect.html) is a module supplied with Postgres for looking into the contents of the write-ahead log. Anthony Sotolongo [Should You Use `char`, `varchar`, or `text` in Postgres?](https://maximorlov.com/char-varchar-text-postgresql/) Maxim Orlov [How to Listen to Database Changes with Triggers and Elixir](https://www.peterullrich.com/listen-to-database-changes-with-postgres-triggers-and-elixir) Peter Ullrich [Storing Network Addresses in Oracle vs Postgres vs SQL Server](https://www.migops.com/blog/storing-network-addresses-in-oracle-vs-postgresql-vs-sql-server/) Jagadeesh Panuganti 🛠 Code and Tools [pgpq: Stream Arrow / Parquet Data into Postgres](https://github.com/adriangb/pgpq) — A new ‘proof of concept stage’ library for streaming Arrow RecordBatches to Postgres in order to bulk load Parquet files. Written in Rust. Adrian Garcia Badaracco [SQL Notebook: Casual Data Exploration in SQL](https://sqlnotebook.com/) — Import data from CSV, Excel, Microsoft SQL Server, Postgres, and MySQL. Use a Jupyter-style notebook interface for exploratory queries, and write stored procedures for reusable logic. Brian Luft [Postgres Message Queue (PGMQ)](https://github.com/CoreDB-io/coredb/tree/main/extensions/pgmq) — A lightweight distributed message queue on Postgres as an extension. Written in Rust and lives as part of the [CoreDB](https://github.com/CoreDB-io/coredb/) Postgres distribution. CoreDB - [PostgresML 2.2](https://github.com/postgresml/postgresml) ↳ Train models and make online predictions using only SQL. [![\](https://res.cloudinary.com/cpress/image/upload/w_1280,e_sharpen:60,q_auto/da6c9rwsyzsj3oswtxkr.jpg)](https://github.com/datafold/data-diff) - [data-diff 0.4](https://github.com/datafold/data-diff) ↳ Efficiently diff _across_ relational databases. - [pg_timetable 5.1](https://github.com/cybertec-postgresql/pg_timetable) ↳ Advanced standalone job scheduler. - [pg_cron 1.5.1](https://github.com/citusdata/pg_cron) ↳ Simple cron-based job scheduler in Postgres. - [pspg (Postgres Pager) 5.7.4](https://github.com/okbob/pspg) ↳ Unix pager for tabular data. - [sqlc 1.17](https://github.com/kyleconroy/sqlc) ↳ Generate type-safe Go code from SQL. **Got a new email?** You can [change your address here](https://postgresweekly.com/edit_subscription/*|UID|*). --- **Bored of us?** [Click here to stop getting Postgres Weekly](https://postgresweekly.com/leave/*|UID|*). --- **Got a link for us?** Reply and tell us. We can't include everything but we'll look at anything you send. 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